Why Option B is the correct answer: Antibiotics are special medicines designed to attack the structure of bacteria. They are the standard treatment for things like streptococcal throat or urinary bladder infections.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: The flu and the common cold are caused by viruses. Antibiotics cannot kill viruses, so taking them for a cold will not help you get better.

• Option C is incorrect because: You cannot become addicted to antibiotics. However, if you stop taking them too early, the strongest bacteria might survive and learn how to fight the medicine... this makes it harder to treat infections in the future. This is called antibiotic resistance.

• Option D is incorrect because: Antibiotics are not painkillers or fever reducers. While they cure the infection that causes your pain, they don't actually block pain signals in your body like aspirin or paracetamol.

Why Option D is the correct answer: The label tells you exactly what nutrients (like sugar, salt, and vitamins) are in the food. It also tells you the "serving size," which helps you understand how much of those nutrients you are actually eating.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: The label doesn't tell you how many people like the food; it only tells you what is inside the box.

• Option B is incorrect because: While you can guess the taste by looking at the ingredients (like high sugar), the label’s job is to give you health facts, not a taste review.

• Option C is incorrect because: The expiration date (the "Use By" or "Best Before" date) is usually printed in a different spot on the package, not inside the Nutrition Facts box.

Why Option A is Correct: A risk factor is something that increases your "odds" of getting sick. For example, smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer... it does not mean every smoker gets cancer, but it makes the chances much higher.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option B is incorrect because: Risk factors deal with "possibilities," not "guarantees". Many people with risk factors stay healthy, while some people with no risk factors at all can still get sick.

• Option C is incorrect because: Many risk factors can be managed or avoided. While you can't change your age or your family history, you can change habits like your diet or how much you exercise.

• Option D is incorrect because: A bad reaction to a medicine is called a "side effect" or an "adverse event," not a risk factor.

Why Option B is Correct: Extraordinary claims require extraordinary proof. If a "miracle cure" actually existed, major medical centers and global health experts would be using it to save lives. Always verify "too good to be true" news with trusted sources like the WHO or CDC.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: Sharing unproven claims spreads "fake news". This can give people false hope and might make them stop their real, life-saving medical treatments.

• Option C is incorrect because: Just because something is "natural" doesn't mean it is safe or can cure a serious disease. Many natural substances are toxic, and taking too much of a spice can interfere with other medicines.

• Option D is incorrect because: Social media likes do not equal truth. Apps often show people things that are shocking or emotional just to get more clicks, even if the information is 100% wrong.

Why Option A is Correct: Government health agencies and "peer-reviewed" journals are the gold standard. "Peer-reviewed" means that a group of independent experts has double-checked the work to make sure the science is accurate and safe before it is shared with the public.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option B is incorrect because: Celebrities and influencers usually don't have medical training. They are also usually paid to promote such products, which means their advice might be based on profit rather than your health.

• Option C is incorrect because: If a blog is anonymous, there is no way to know if the writer is a qualified expert or just someone making guesses. Reliable sources always tell you who wrote the information and where the facts came from.

• Option D is incorrect because: Forwarded messages (like those on WhatsApp) are a major source of "fake news". They often skip important details and not checked by anyone for accuracy.

Why Option C is Correct: Science is a process of discovery, and it is normal for different studies to have different results at first. An expert can look at the "big picture" (including the quality of the studies and how they were done) to help you understand what that evidence actually means for your health.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: Disagreements in science do not mean that the system is broken. They actually help researchers improve their methods and dig deeper until they find the real truth.

• Option B is incorrect because: This is called "Confirmation Bias". If you only listen to information that you like, you might ignore important warnings and make decisions that are bad for your health.

• Option D is incorrect because: Media outlets often pick the most shocking or scary studies to get more "clicks". Just because a study is famous on the news does not mean it is the most accurate one.

Why Option C is Correct: Every medicine can have side effects, but they do not happen to everyone. Your doctor can help you assess the risk of a side effect against the danger of leaving your illness untreated. Together, you can decide if you should continue the medicine or change to a different one.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: Stopping some medicines suddenly can be very dangerous. It can cause "rebound" symptoms that make you feel much worse than you did before you started the treatment.

• Option B is incorrect because: If you lower the dose yourself, the medicine might become too weak to help you. You would still be taking the medicine, but without any of the benefits.

• Option D is incorrect because: Social media "experts" do not know your medical history. Some herbal products can be dangerous because they are not always regulated and can react badly with other health conditions or medicines that you may be taking.

Why Option A is correct: The goal of screening is "early detection". Finding a problem before it causes symptoms usually means it is much easier to treat, requires less painful procedures, and gives you a much better chance of a full recovery.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option B is incorrect because: Preventive care actually saves you money in the long run. Catching a problem early is much cheaper than paying for expensive emergency procedures or complex surgeries later on.

• Option C is incorrect because: A screening is a tool to find a problem, not a way to prevent it like a vaccine. Getting a screening does not make you immune; it just gives you a chance to start early treatment if something is wrong.

• Option D is incorrect because: While hospitals have to manage their income and expenditure to stay open and help people, the medical reason for these tests is strictly to save lives and reduce the number of people dying from preventable diseases.

Why Option B is correct: Medicine is a science that is always growing and improving. Being adaptable means you are willing to change your habits when new, high-quality evidence shows a safer or more effective way to stay healthy.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: Science improves over time. If you ignore new updates (like changes in heart health or food safety) you might keep doing things that we now know are outdated or even harmful.

• Option C is incorrect because: When advice changes, it does not mean that the old advice was a trick; it means we found better information. Doctors always give the best advice possible based on the evidence they have at that moment.

• Option D is incorrect because: Medical rules rarely go back to exactly how they were before. Instead, they usually become more specific and accurate as our technology and understanding of the human body improve.

Why Option C is correct: Managing a long-term illness is a team effort between you and your doctor. The best results come from a "holistic" approach that uses medicine to control the disease while using healthy food, exercise and good sleep habits to keep your body functioning well.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: While medicine is very important, it often cannot do the job alone if the habits that cause the problem (like a poor diet or lack of movement) are not changed.

• Option B is incorrect because: For many long-term conditions, lifestyle changes by themselves are not enough to prevent serious damage to your body. Ignoring the prescription of your doctor can be dangerous.

• Option D is incorrect because: Most long-term conditions are situations that you "manage" so that you stay healthy, rather than things that have an instant "cure." Moving from doctor to doctor looking for a miracle can disturb the steady care which you need to stay safe.

Why Option B is the correct answer: If a website is giving you health advice while also trying to sell you the "only" solution, they have a "conflict of interest". Their main goal is often to make money, which can make their health information biased or untrustworthy.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: University (.edu) and government (.gov) websites are generally non-profit and have strict rules, making them some of the most neutral and honest sources you can find.

• Option C is incorrect because: Listing real scientific studies is a great sign! It shows the authors did their homework and are basing their facts on evidence rather than just opinions.

• Option D is incorrect because: Having a medical advisory board is a "safety net". It means other doctors have reviewed the content to make sure it is accurate and fair before it was published.

Why Option B is the correct answer: Correlation simply means two things appear together. For example, people use umbrellas when it rains, but the umbrellas don't cause the rain. Causation is a direct link where one thing is the actual reason the other happens.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: In science, these are very different ideas. Mixing them up is one of the main reasons people believe "health myths."

• Option C is incorrect because: Causation is a much higher and stronger proof. Finding a correlation is usually just the first step scientists take before they dig deeper to find the real cause.

• Option D is incorrect because: Causation is the exact opposite of a coincidence. It means there is a predictable, direct relationship where one thing forces the other to occur.

Why Option B is the correct answer: When most people in a community are immune to a germ, the virus runs out of people to infect and stops spreading. This creates a "shield" that protects neighbors who are too young or too sick to get vaccinated.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: Herd immunity actually slows down the spread of a virus. When a virus cannot spread, it has lower chances to change or mutate into a new version.

• Option C is incorrect because: While herd immunity makes outbreaks much less likely, it is not a 100% guarantee. Sickness can still spread in small groups where many people are not immune.

• Option D is incorrect because: Vaccination is the safest way to reach herd immunity. Relying only on "natural infection" (letting everyone get sick) would lead to many people suffering or dying from things that could have been prevented.

Why Option B is the correct answer: Part of having a high "Health Quotient" is to understand our health problems. It is the responsibility of your doctor to make sure you understand your health. Knowing what is going on is the only way to stay safe and follow your treatment plan correctly.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: Checking online for health information can be confusing. You might find information that does not apply to your specific situation, which make you worry unnecessarily.

• Option C is incorrect because: You have a right to understand what is happening to your body. Almost any medical topic can be explained in simple terms if the doctor takes a moment to explain it to you.

• Option D is incorrect because: While nurses are great at explaining things, the doctor who made the diagnosis is the best person to explain why they made that specific decision.

Why Option C is the correct answer: Being "health literate" in this digital world means protecting your private information. Many apps make money by selling your data, so it is vital to know exactly who owns your health records and where they are going.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Option A is incorrect because: How an app looks (its colours or buttons) has nothing to do with how well it keeps your information safe or how secure it is.

• Option B is incorrect because: Sharing your health data on social media can actually be a risk. It puts your private medical information in public places where you can no longer control who sees it.

• Option D is incorrect because: "Free" apps are often the ones most likely to sell your data. If you are not paying for the app with money, you are often "paying" for it with your personal information, which is sold to advertisers.