Parkinsonism

AMY SUZANA AHMAD SAUFI SASIDHARAN
041303006

PARKINSONISM

INTRODUCTION

-Parkinsonism (also known as Parkinson's syndrome, atypical Parkinson's, or secondary Parkinson's)
-triad--- is a syndrome characterized by tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability
-is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by a progressive loss of motor function resulting from the degeneration of neurons in the area of the brain that controls voluntary movement


CLINICAL FEATURES

• rigidity
• bradykinesia
• resting tremor
• abnormal postural reflexes

ETIOLOGY

• idiopathic Parkinson disease
• drug-related parkinsonism
• Alzheimer disease
• progressive supranuclear palsy
• multiple system atrophy
  • Shy-Drager syndrome
  • olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy
  • striatonigral degeneration

• uncommon causes
  • hydrocephalus
  • Wilson disease
  • cortico-basal degeneration
  • Huntington disease
  • Hallervorden-Spatz disease
  • post-encephalitic parkinsonism
  • manganese poisoning
  • carbon monoxide poisoning

-commonly mistaken for Parkinson disease

• essential tremor
• vascular pseudo-parkinsonism

goodnite~~

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and the most common movement disorders. It is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle control, resulting in trembling of limbs and head rest, rigidity, slowness and poor balance. As symptoms worsen, it may become difficult to walk, talk, and perform simple tasks.