School-aged children who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery for less complicated congenital heart defects do not appear to suffer any impairments in neurocognitive abilities, such as intelligence, memory, motor skills and behavior, according to a new study. Pediatric researchers studied children aged 5-18 who received surgery for acyanotic heart defects. Researchers from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, in a study in the August issue of Pediatrics, reported on neuropsychological effects after surgery for acyanotic heart defects.