CLASSIFICATION : Mild(GFR 30-50ml/min)
Moderate (GFR 10-20ml/min)
Severe (GFR less than 10 ml/min)
End stage (GFR less than 5 ml/min)

COMMON CAUSES : -prostatic hypertrophy
-glomerulonephritis
-pyelonephritis
-interstitial nephritis
-diabetes mellitus
-hypertension
-cystic disease
-renal vascular disease
-nephrolithiasis
-analgesic nephropathy

SIGNS : -pallor
-yellow skin pigmentation
-brown nails
-purpura
-bruising
-excoriation
-hypertension
-cardiomegaly
-pericarditis
-pleural effusion
-pulmonary or peripheral oedema
-retinopathy
-proximal myopathy
-peripheral neuropathy

INVESTIGATIONS : Blood : Hb levels decreased
ESR
Urea and creatinine levels increased
glucose levels for diabetes

Urine : microscopy , culture and sensitiviti\y
24 hr urinary protein
creatinine clearance

Renal ultrasound : for size and obstruction

TREATMENT : treat hypertension , anaemia , oedema(high doses of loop
diuretics ) , hyperlipidemia , prepare patient for dialysis .